Cite online databases (e.g. ProQuest, JSTOR, ScienceDirect) and other subscription services as containers. Thus, provide the title of the database (italicized) before the DOI or URL. If a DOI is not provided, use the URL instead. Provide the date of access if you wish.
The MLA Handbook does not require that you include a date of access—the date on which you consulted a work—when you cite an online work from a reliable, stable source. However, including an access date for an online work that may change or does not have a copyright date is recommended. Place the access date at the end of the entry.
One Author
Author's Last Name, First Name. "Title of Article: Subtitle if Any." Name of Journal, vol. Volume Number, no. Issue Number, Date of Publication, pp. First Page Number-Last Page Number. Name of Database, DOI number/URL/Permalink.
Works Cited List Example:
Cardanay, Audrey. “Illustrating Motion, Music, and Story.” General Music Today, vol. 29, no. 3, 2016, pp. 25-29. Academic Search Premier, https://doi.org/10.1177/1048371315626498.
In-Text Citation Example:
(Author's Last Name Page Number)
Example: (Cardanay 444)
Two Authors
First Author's Last Name, First Name, and Second Author's First Name Last Name. "Title of Article: Subtitle if Any." Name of Journal, vol. Volume Number, no. Issue Number, Date of Publication, pp. First Page Number-Last Page Number. Name of Database, DOI number/URL/Permalink.
Works Cited List Example:
Best, David, and Sharon Marcus. “Surface Reading: An Introduction.” Representations, vol. 108, no. 1, Fall 2009, pp. 1-21. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.1525/rep.2009.108.1.1.
In-Text Citation Example:
(First Author's Last Name and Second Author's Last Name Page Number)
Example: (Best and Marcus 18)
Three or More Authors
For sources with three or more authors, list only the first author’s name followed by the phrase et al. (Latin for “and others”)
First Author's Last Name, First Name et al. "Title of Article: Subtitle if Any." Name of Journal, vol. Volume Number, no. Issue Number, Date of Publication, pp. First Page Number-Last Page Number. Name of Database, DOI number/URL/Permalink.
Works Cited List Example:
Isaac, Kathleen et al. "Incorporating Spirituality in Primary Care." Journal of Religion and Health, vol. 55, no. 3, 2016, pp. 1065-77. ATLA Religion Database, login.uportland.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=114118885&site=ehost-live&scope=site.
In-Text Citation Example:
(First Author's Last Name et al. Page Number)
Example: (Isaac et al. 1067)
Author's Last Name, First Name. "Title of Article: Subtitle if Any." Name of Journal, vol. Volume Number, no. Issue Number, Date of Publication, pp. First Page Number-Last Page Number.
Works Cited List Example:
Poythress, Vern S. "Rain Water Versus a Heavenly Sea in Genesis 1:6-8." The Westminster Theological Journal, vol. 77, no. 2, 2015, pp. 181-91.
In-Text Citation Example:
(Author's Last Name Page Number)
Example: (Poythress 183)
Here are some common features you should try to find before citing electronic sources in MLA style. Not every Web page will provide all of the following information. However, collect as much of the following information as possible both for your citations and for your research notes:
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